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Numerical simulations have become a cornerstone technology in the developmentof nanophotonic devices. Specifically, 3D finite difference time domain (FDTD)simulations are a widely used due to their flexibility and powerful designcapabilities. More recently, FDTD simulations in conjunction with a designmethodology called inverse design has become a popular way to optimize devicetopology, reducing a device's footprint and increasing performance. Weimplement a commercial inverse design tool to generate complex grating couplersand explore a variety of grating coupler design methodologies. We compare theconventionally designed grating couplers to those generated by the inversedesign tool. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the inverse design tool andhow different design strategies for grating couplers affect inverse designperformance, both in terms of computational cost and performance of theresulting device.

Strategies for optimizing plasmonic grating couplers with topology-based inverse design