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Proposing a system of two rotatable nanoparticles (NPs) in the presence ofelectromagnetic vacuum fluctuations, using the framework of canonicalquantization, the electromagnetic and matter fields have been quantized. Thenon-contact frictional torque, affecting the rotation of NPs due to thepresence of electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations and also by the matter fieldfluctuations have been derived. Considering the distance between NPs less than100 nm in the near-field, we observe the rotations are phase locked. It hasbeen shown that the electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations play the role of noisesto break down the synchronization. Also surprisingly, we find the frictionaltorque between NPs in the near-field is much bigger than the popular contactfriction between them where it causes a robust synchronization in thenear-field.

Rotational synchronization of two non-contact nanoparticles