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Pure and Er-doped ([Er]crystal≤2.4 × 1020 cm−3), NaBi(WO4)2 (NBW), NaBi(MoO4)2, and LiBi(MoO4)2 crystals have been grown by the Czochralski method. The three crystal hosts have similar structural and optical properties. The noncentrosymmetric space group I4¯ (No. 82) crystallographic structure has been established through 300 K single-crystal x-ray and neutron (for NBW only) diffraction. Er3+ energy levels were determined experimentally and simulated in the S4 symmetry through a crystal-field analysis. With this background, the large spectroscopic bandwidths observed were ascribed to the presence of two 2b and 2d sites for Er3+ and to different short-range Na+ and Bi3+ distributions around both sites. The radiative properties of Er3+ are described by the Judd-Ofelt theory achieving branching ratios and radiative lifetimes for transitions useful as laser channels. The 4I13/2—>4I15/2  laser channel (λ≈1.5 μm) shows a peak emission cross-section σEMI(λ≈1530 nm)≈0.5×10−20 cm2 and a quantum efficiency η∞0.68 to 0.74. The laser emission is envisaged to be tunable by Δλ≈100 nm.The authors acknowledge the financial support through the Spanish projects MAT2002-04603-C05-05 and CAM MAT/0434/2004 and also from the European Commission, project DT-CRYS, UE NMP3-CT-2003-505580. The GRICE (Portugal)–CSIC (Spain) cooperation agreement is gratefully acknowledged. M. Rico is supported by the Education and Culture Ministry of Spain under Ramón y Cajal programme.Peer reviewe

Polarization and local disorder effects on the properties of Er^3+-doped XBi(YO_4)_2, X=Li or Na and Y=W or Mo, crystalline tunable laser hosts