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Interactions between light and conducting nanostructures can result in avariety of novel and fascinating phenomena. These properties may have wideapplications, but their underlying mechanisms have not been completelyunderstood. From calculations of surface charge density waves on conductinggratings and by comparing them with classical surface plasmons, we revealed ageneral yet concrete picture about coupling of light to free electronoscillation on structured conducting surfaces that can lead to oscillatingsubwavelength charge patterns (i.e., spoof surface plasmons but without thedispersion property of classical surface plasmons). New wavelets emitted fromthese light sources then destructively interfere to form evanescent waves. Thisprinciple, usually combined with other mechanisms (e.g. resonance), is mainly ageometrical effect that can be universally involved in light scattering fromall periodic and nonperiodic structures containing free electrons, includingperfect conductors. The spoof surface plasmon picture may provide clearguidelines for developing metamaterial-based nano-optical devices.

Fundamental mechanism underlying subwavelength optics of metamaterials: Charge oscillation-induced light emission and interference