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We report on the experimental observation of a simultaneous threefoldwavelength and spatial conversion process at telecommunication wavelengthstaking place in a 6-LP-mode graded-index few-mode fiber. The physical mechanismis based on parallel and phase-matched frequency-degenerated intermodalfour-wave mixing (FD-IFWM) phenomena occurring between the fundamental mode andhigher-order spatial modes. More precisely, a single high-powerfrequency-degenerated pump wave is simultaneously injected in the four spatialmodes LP01, LP11, LP02 and LP31 of a 1.8-km long graded-index few-mode fibertogether with three independent signals in the fundamental mode. By means ofthree parallel phase-matched FD-IFWM interactions, these initial signals arethen simultaneously spatially and frequency converted from the fundamental modeto specific high-order modes. The influence of the differential modal groupdelay is also investigated and shows that the walk-off between the spatiallymultiplexed signals significantly limits the bandwidth of the conversionprocess for telecom applications.

applied optics

Multiple spatial and wavelength conversion operations based on a  frequency-degenerated intermodal four-wave-mixing process in a graded-index  6-LP few mode fiber