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Many specific polysaccharides, such as microbial ones, are block-polymers consisting of repeating oligosaccharide units. The search for approaches to the synthesis of these biopolymers requires, first, the development of the synthesis of oligosaccharides and, secondly, new methods for the polymerization of oligosaccharide blocks. The first problem is related to the synthetic chemistry of oligosaccharides, and is illustrated here by the synthesis of trisaccharides, one of which is a repeating unit of O-antigenic polysaccharide from Salmonella anatum. The second problem has not been solved yet, and therefore only some possible approaches to its solution have been considered: (1) polycondensation of oligosaccharide blocks; (2) stepwise extension of the polymeric chain; and (3) biochemical polymerization. The data on a new glycosylation reaction based on generation of the 1,2acyloxonium cation upon interaction of Fletcher's nitrile with tritylium salts are presented here, and a suggestion is made for a new method of polycondensation of carbohydrate derivatives. Other possible ways for conversion of oligosaccharide blocks into block-polymer sytems are also considered.

Pathways for the synthesis of specific polysaccharides