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A new diagnostic kit for typhoid fetter is described in which anti 09 atxtibodies in patients are detected by their abiLity to inhibit the birding between an anti-Og monoclon.al antibocly (mAb) conjugated to colored Latex particles anl Salmonell a typhi l.ipopolysaccharkle (LPS) coniugated to magnetic Latex particles. The reactants are mLxed in a specialLy-clesigned microtr.tbe for 2 min. aml the resul,t is rearl based on the resuLtant coLor of suspension following forced sedimentation. of the magnetic beads. In tlte absence of inhibitont antibodies, there is a coLor change (from bl.ue to red) due to co-sedimenxûion of the indicator particles, whereas the presence ofth.e antibodies would prevent such a change to a degree dependent on their concentration. Preliminary examin.ation of the kit usin.g the anti-O9 nAb and irrelevant ntAbs as inhibitor revealerL the test to be specific and reproducible. In the examination of 16 stored sera obtainecL from I 4-tylthoid-proven cases and a serum sample from each of 69 non-typhoid subjects, the test was found to be 92.9 Vo sensitive and I 00Vo speciJic. The non-typhoid cases comprised 26 healthy blood donors, 30 ANA(anti-rtuclear atxtibody) ltatients, 9 ANA+ patients and 4 tylthus patients. In adclition, all sera obtained front I I patients clinically diagnosetl as having typhoid fever were positive in the test. The test correLated to some extent with an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) which used a similar detectionfonnat (inhibition) antL reagents (5. typhi LPS and anti-O9 antibody, the lattet enzyme-Iùrked). The test correlated very weLI with ELISAs with detected IgM (r=0.58,p=0.003)orlgG(r=0.54,p=0.006)dt?ri-S.typhi LPSantibodiesfrointhetyphoidpatients.ThetestdetecteclbothlgMandlgG antibodies which is imporl:ant since some of the sera were Low in one class or the ot!rcr The test coul.d not be performerL on slides (instead of tubes) and using soluble antigen (instead of antigen-conjugated magnetic beads). Direct agglutination of LPS-conjugated ùrJicator particles either on slides or in microweLls aLso fail.ed to detect antibodies from the majority (69-76Vo) of the typhoid patients. Clinical Immunology Unit, The Chinese Unit,ersity of Hong Kong, Shatin-Hong Kong.

A one-step two-minute test for Typhoid fever based on particle separation in tube