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The series of geodetic measurements made in the area affected by deformations allows us to mark deformation indicators, the most important of which is, for the majority of constructions, horizontal strain. The strains can be horizontal, tensile or compressive. Tensile strains cause the most serious damage in apartment buildings making fissures, cracks and - in extreme cases - even construction catastrophe. Depending on the accepted surveying technology, it is possible to determine the values of strains with smaller or greater accuracy. The article presents the method and results of the measurement of the deformation in the fragments of a landslide (landslide of a natural slope in Milowka and landslide of the open cast mine Belchatow). The surveying points were stabilized in the form of the measurement network called rectangular geodetic rosette. Based on the GPS measurement of the rosettes horizontal deformations on the directions of the stabilized sides were made. In the further stage the components of the surface strain tensor were marked, which made it possible to determine the direction and values of the extreme deformations.

Mechanism of complex mine pressure manifestation on coal mining work faces and analysis on the instability condition of roof block