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In this paper, an electronically polarization re-configurable circular patch antenna, with fixed resonantfrequency and operating at Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN) frequency band (2.4–2.48 GHz,) is presented. Thestructure of the proposed design consists of a circularpatch as a radiating element fed by a coaxial probe, coop-erated with four equal-length slits etched on the edge alongthe x-axis and y-axis. A total of four switches were usedand embedded across the slits at specific locations, thuscontrolling the length of the slits. By activating and deacti-vating the switches (ON and OFF) across the slits, the cur-rent on the patch is changed, thus modifying the electricfield and polarization of the antenna. Consequently, thepolarization excited by the proposed antenna can beswitched into three types; linear polarization, left-handcircular polarization or right-hand circular polarization.This paper proposes a simple approach that enablesswitching the polarizations and excites at the same oper-ating frequency. Simulated and measured results of theideal case (using copper strip switches) and the real case(using PIN diode switches) are compared and presented todemonstrate the performance of the antenna.

An Electronically Reconfigurable Patch Antenna Design for Polarization Diversity with Fixed Resonant Frequency