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In order to reveal the characteristics of meiofaunal communities (MC) (specifically freshwater meiofauna) and their relationship with salinity gradients, meiofauna samples were collected in September 2015 in Ba Lai river (BLR) in the Mekong Delta region, Vietnam. A total of 14 meiofaunal taxa were identified. The most dominant group was Nematoda, followed by Nauplii and Rotifera. The MC (specifically nematodes) in BLR were characterized by high abundances and diversities. The characteristics of MC in the downstream site (marine habitats) may be considerably different from those in the upstream site (fresh habitats). Abundances and diversities of nematode communities in the downstream site were much higher than those observed in the upstream site, especially for abundances. Regarding MC, their abundance in the downstream site was also considerably higher than those in upstream site, whereas their diversity was lower. Furthermore, the Ba Lai dam (BLD) has the ability to change salinity gradients in BLR, while MC were in strong correlation with salinity. Specifically, nematode abundances, diversities and meiofaunal abundances were in strong positive correlation with salinity gradients. By contrast, meiofaunal diversities were significantly negatively correlated with salinity. Therefore, the MC and their correlation with environmental variables can be considered as a good tool for the assessment of dams’ impact on river’s ecosystems.

Intertidal meiofaunal communities in relation to salinity gradients in the Ba Lai river, Vietnam