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Bees are prolific pollinators, being responsible for the pollination of most wild and cultivated plants (IPBES, 2016). But recent events have caused significant losses of Apis mellifera colonies, the most common pollinator used for agricultural purpose throughout the world. The generalized use of A. mellifera as pollinators has produced an overdependence of most crops on this bee species, pointing to the need to diversify the species of bees used for agricultural pollination. Therefore, recent studies with other species of Apis have been intensified in eastern parts of the globe to identify different pollinators capable of being used efficiently in an agricultural setting. Alternatively, Western nations have focused mainly on species of the genera Megachile, Nomia, Osmia, Centris, Bombus and stingless bees (Magalhães & Freitas, 2013; Putra et al., 2014; Sterk et al., 2016; Brunet & Syed, 2017; Cane et al., 2017). Abstract Bees are prolific pollinators and are responsible for the pollination of most wild and cultivated plants. This study aimed to learn about the flight activity of the stingless bee Plebeia aff. flavocincta in tropical conditions as a parameter to evaluate the general state of the colonies, and to investigate the role of food resources and environmental factors in their flight activities. We recorded the worker flight activity (exit-when they leave the hive; trash-when they discard litter; entry with pollen; and entry without pollen) of four colonies throughout the year and monitored biotic and abiotic conditions that could affect the bee ́s external activities such as blooming and meteorological conditions. Results show that colonies remained active throughout the year and presented two major periods of external activity; one corresponded to greater food supply in the foraging area, and the other correlated with the time of year when fewer food resources were available. In addition, the four flight activities were all strongly correlated with each other. We concluded that in tropical conditions external activities of P. aff. flavocincta are regulated mainly by food availability rather than the prevailing weather conditions. We have found flight activities are an important indicator of the general health of the colony. Sociobiology An international journal on social insects

Flight Activity of the Stingless Bee Plebeia aff. flavocincta in Tropical Conditions as Indicator of the General Health of the Colony