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The larval ectoparasitoid of Pseudaletia separata, Euplectrus separatae oviposits exclusively on the dorsolateral surface from the 3rd thoracic to the 2nd abdominal segment of the host. Larval parasitoids are well known to be exposed to risks from aggressive defense behavior when they attempt to parasitize a host. E. separatae female sting the host to inject a venom prior to oviposition. At this time the female wasp is exposed to a serious risk from aggressive host behavior. However, the female avoids the risk by moving to a specific segment of the host. The question arose as to how the female wasp recognizes the specific segments of the host. The female wasp mounted the host larva from the posterior dorsal part and moved forward on the host. The female used chemical cues to recognize the posterior part of the host body. Diethyl ether extracts from the last abdominal segments of the host were more attractive to females than extracts from the head. Motionless behavior in the host after the female wasp mounted did not induce the forward movement of the female wasp. Once the female was on the host she used crawling of the host body (peristaltic movement) as a stimulus to move forward on the host. Another key stimulus to cause the parasitoid to cease movement forward on the specific segments of the host was examined. When a host head was attached to the 3rd abdominal segment, the female wasp shifted the oviposition site adequately behind the head on the host body, suggesting that the head is used as a visual cue to pinpoint a suitable oviposition site.

applied entomology and zoology

How does the ectoparasitoid wasp Euplectrus separatae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) recognize a suitable oviposition site on the host larva Pseudaletia separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)?