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A certain part of the zinc ores containing 10-25 % of Zn is processed by various pyrometallurgical methods (the Sterling process, the Imperial Smelting process, the Waelz process), which allow to extract only zinc and do not ensure complex use of raw materials. This article contains the research results of the complex pyrometallurgical processing an oxide zinc-containing ore of the Shaimerden deposit (17-29 % of Zn) with obtaining a ferroalloy and calcium carbide and extraction of non-ferrous metals in a gas phase (a ZFK process). The results were received by a method of the full thermodynamic analysis using the program HSC-5.1 of the Finnish metallurgical company Outokumpu, which was developed on a principle of the Gibbs energy minimization. We have studied the influence of temperature and amount of carbon on the distribution degree of silicon, iron, calcium, zinc, lead and cadmium in a system “ore-carbon-iron”. It is found, that from 60 to 64.4 % of calcium from the ore passes in CaC2 at 1965-2050°Ñ and 38-42 % of carbon from the ore mass. Silicon is basically extracted in FeSi. 90-94.3 % of silicon (as Fe and Ca silicides, Si and SiC) are taken in a ferroalloy at 2100°Ñ and 25-38 % of carbon. In the process, silicon content in the ferroalloy (41-47 %) corresponds to ferrosilicon of a grade of FS45. It is determined, that cadmium passes in a gas phase at lower temperatures than zinc. All zinc and cadmium pass in a gas at Ò e” 1415-1525°C. For the full transition of lead in a gas phase it is necessary to use a higher temperature (2100-2200°Ñ).

oriental journal of chemistry/oriental journal of chemistry

Thermodynamic modelling carbothermal reduction of silicon, iron, calcium and nonferrous metals from a zinc-containing oxide ore of the Shaimerden deposit