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Seaweeds have proved to be exceptional resources of nutrients and secondary metabolites. The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic activities of some seaweeds of east coast of India namely Gracilaria verrucosa, Enteromorpha compressa, Ulva fasciata and Turbinaria conoides. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of these seaweeds were evaluated for antioxidant activity by means of assays like total phenolic content, total reducing power, Nitric Oxide and H2O2 scavenging tests. The extracts with superior antioxidant activity among these seaweeds were further tested for hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic activity. Ethyl acetate extract of Ulva fasciata (EAU) has shown promising results after all these tests. IC50 value of EAU was found to be 123.39 and 127.65ìg/ml for H2O2 and NO free radical scavenging activity respectively. Total phenol content for EAU was 207.23 ± 2.41mg/g. Fasting plasma glucose level in normal mice was significantly (p<0.05) decreased even after 6 days of EAU treatment at the dose 200mg/kg. The area under curve of oral glucose tolerance test was not affected significantly, though considerable reduction in AUC was found in both EAU 100 and 200 mg/kg treated groups. It was found that EAU has potent in vitro alpha-amylase inhibiting property when compared to the standard, Acarbose. The current findings suggest that, the antidiabetic activity of U. fasciata may be due to its underlying antioxidant, hypoglycemic and alpha amylase inhibiting property. Hence, this seaweed can be beneficial for diabetic individuals.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Hypoglycaemic and Antidiabetic Activities of Some Seaweed Collected from the East Coast of India