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It is possible to raise productivity of cattle only on the basis of continuation of studying the capacities of reproductive system in high-productive cows in interconnection with indices of their physiology. There were formed three groups of cows-analogues (according to age, term of in-calf state, ancestry). After cows’ calving on behalf of insemination terms’ correction after accouchement, duration of lactation and with the help of non-graded start, there were formed three groups of cows after the first lactation with the level of milk productivity 7000-8000 kg but they had different deadwood period’s indices before the second calving. In the 1st group this index was 60 days, in the 2nd group – 80 days and in the 3rd one – 90 days. There were 30 animals in each group. It was noted that optimization of milk productivity’s level in cows was possible on behalf of duration increase of dead-wood period. It could serve as prophylaxis of postnatal complications in animals and decrease involution terms of genitals. It’s noted that recovery of cows’ reproductive capacities after calving also depends on the duration of dead-wood period. At cows’ yield of milk 7000-8000 kg 80 days should be considered the optimal duration of dead-wood period. Given term promotes increase of reproductive capacities and getting viable litter from high-productive cows of Holstein breed. Only in this case high level of milk productivity is successfully combined with high level of adaptive capacities in animals and full realization of their genetic potential during the whole ontogenesis.

Connection of Reproductive Indices of High-Productive Cows with Duration of Their Dead-Wood Period