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Normally, F1 hybrids between subspecies japonica and indica demonstrate various degrees of infertility. Previous research has shown that certain types of indica do have compatibility when crossed with japonica varieties, which causes a higher fertility in F1 hybrids. In the light of the above, we studied several indicators affecting grain crop yield in F1 hybrids between japonica and indica. A field experiment was done to study hybrid heterosis of plant height, head length, the number of spikelets and well-filled grain in a head, spikelet fertility, length, width and weight of bruchids, in order to find a combination with high grain yield and investigate correlations between grain weight per head and certain valuable agronomic traits. Average heterosis of plant height and number of spikelets per head was positive. Some of the hybrids demonstrated positive heterosis of the number of well-filled grains in a head, of the weight of grain from one head, of the size and weight of bruchids; on the average, however, heterosis of these traits was negative. Among other crop yield components, an increase in the number of spikelets and grains per head contributed to an increase in the weight of grains from one head in hybrids. There exists significantly strong positive correlation between crop yield in one head and spikelet fertility and a weakly positive one with the plant height and head length. A higher yield from one head in F1 crosses was related to an increase in the number of spikelets in it, whereas their low fertility was a limitation on yield potential.

A Study of F1 Rice Hybrids from Crossing two Subspecies: Indica and Japonica, in South Russia’s Climate