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Scours are often observed at the bottoms of bridge piers in rivers and at poles standing on sand. In this study, a bridge pier was selected for studying a cylindrical structure standing on sand. Local clear water scour around a cylindrical pier was studied in a wind tunnel. The characteristics of fluid flow and fluid force acting on a cylindrical pier standing in a scour were investigated with a pier and five different scour depths (scour depth/pier diameter = 0, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 and 1.5). The diameter of the pier was 40 mm and the free stream velocity was 16 m/s, making the Reynolds number 4.2×10. Flow visualization was carried out using the surface oil-flow pattern and smoke-wire methods. The surface pressure distributions on the pier and scour were measured and the drag coefficient acting on the pier was determined by integrating the surface pressure distribution on the pier. The characteristics of the horseshoe vortex and drag acting on the pier standing on the scour were clarified. The results show that two horseshoe vortices are present near the root of the pier and the drag coefficient has an arc-shaped distribution with a minimum value halfway down the scour depth as the scour continues to grow deeper. At the final scour depth, a stagnant area is formed at the bottom of the scour.

Fluid Flow and Fluid Force Acting on a Cylindrical Pier Standing in a Scour