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Short crack propagation behavior in poled lead zirconate titanate was examined under cyclic electric loading. A crack located at edge of a partial electrode grew along the electrode edge during the loading. The crack growth rate decreased with increasing crack length until a non-propagating crack was reached. The growth rate and crack length of the non-propagating crack were affected by the amplitude, mean voltage of the electric loading and environment. In the case of high-amplitude loading or negative-biased loading, the crack growth rate varied considerably because of domain switching. At testing temperature of 20 oC, moist atmosphere had no effect on the crack propagation behavior. However the crack growth rate fluctuated and non-propagating crack length was increased with increase in temperature to 40 oC. Finite element analysis of a three-dimensional permeable crack showed that the mode III stress intensity factor range is independent of crack length, but it decreases as a result of the frictional force under positive electric field. Fracture surface observations showed that intergranular cracking is dominant near the tip of the non-propagating crack.

Short Crack Propagation Behavior at Electrode Edge in PZT under Cyclic Electric Loading