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The authors proposed in this paper the methods for measurement of two principal residual stresses in an orthotropic plate when their directions are unknown. The experimental technique is as follows : A pair of test pieces intersecting at right angles with each other are cut out from a plate in an arbitrary direction, then unknown directions and values of the principal residual stresses are calculated by the authors' formulas from the changes of curvature and twist of the test pieces (Curvature Method), or from the changes of strain of the strain rosette attached on one surface of a test peice (Strain Gauge Method), while the successive thin layers are being removed from one surface or the other. Measurement of an isotropic plate is a spcial case of the authors' present methods and they showed examples of measuring two principal residual stresses in a steel plate by the Strain Gauge Method.

Measurement of Principal Residual Stresses in Orthotropic Plate When Their Directions are Unknown