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Traditional medicine can be defined by the sum total of the knowledge, skills and practices based on theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain and improve health, as well as to prevent, diagnose, and treat physical and mental illnesses[1]. Nowadays, there is a renewed interest in drugs of natural origin simply because they are considered as green medicine which is always supposed to be safe in addition to their ease of availability with affordable prices. Another factor which emphasizes the attention to the incidences of harmful nature of synthetic drugs which are regarded as harmful to human beings and environment[2]. It is estimated that 70%–80% of people worldwide rely mainly on traditional, largely herbal medicines to meet their primary healthcare needs. The global demand for herbal medicine is not only large, but also growing one[3]. In recent years, these medicinal herbs are much studied since their great employ in traditional medicine to treat regular ailments like gastrointestinal disorders, cold, fever and at present, other medicinal claims hold up with reliable scientific confirmations[4]. Complementary researches are needed to study plants with healing properties. After the harvesting and the botanical identification, it is necessary to extract, identify, isolate and purify the compounds of various chemical groups found in plants and study their relative position in the treatment of different pathological conditions (Figure 1). The botanical identification plays an essential role in many domains. Any scientific publication based on a phytochemical study requires precise identification of the studied plant. It is the same for any food or artisanal application of a plant, any recovery of its use among the population, but also for the preservation of biodiversity[3]. The people, by their experience and empirical knowledge transmitted through previous generations, recognize medicinal plants from their natural environment by different aspects: smell, flower color, leaf shape, location, season, etc. However, there is the risk of confusion by the population[5]. At present, it is still indispensable to form specialized botanists in flora from different regions and in all cases, accurate identification of plants is of course essential. After the botanical identification, the study on medicinal plants is started with extraction procedures that play a critical role to the extraction outcomes (e.g. yield and phytochemicals content) and also to the consequent assays performed. A wide range of technologies with different methods of extraction is available nowadays[4]. This review describes the frequently employed techniques of extraction with models in latest years such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Recent advances in the identification and the study of composition and activities of medicinal plants