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Background:The Mechanical Waves Conceptual Survey (MWCS), presented in 2009, is the most important test to date that has been designed to evaluate university students’ understanding of four main topics: propagation, superposition, reflection, and standing waves. In a literature review, we detected a significant need for a study that uses this test as an assessment tool and presents a complete analysis of students’ difficulties on the test. This article addresses this need.Material and methods:We administered the MWCS at a private university in Mexico to 541 students.Results:In this article, we present a complete description of these students’ performance on the test, a description of their main difficulties, an elaboration of these main difficulties in terms of students’ inappropriate conceptions and recommendations for instruction based on the results obtained by the test.Conclusions:Our analyses may be used by instructors and researchers who intend to use the MWCS or create new instructional material.

The Mechanical Waves Conceptual Survey: An Analysis of University Students’ Performance, and Recommendations for Instruction