English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Students hold a surprising number of ideas about the Earth’s structure and process. Thispaper begins with a discussion on the nature of understanding in the conceptuallyconfined domain of geosciences. There then follows a report on a study of the ideas abouta range of concepts relating to “crystals”, “volcanoes”, “rocks”, and the “Earth”, held byeighth-grade students (13-14 years) in one middle school. Such patterns, described here as“alternative frameworks”, can be used to inform our understanding of students’ learningin earth science. If these alternative frameworks are not taken into consideration, they canrepresent “critical barriers” to learning in this domain in addition to other barriersidentified in this research. The aim of this paper is to relate the students’ alternativeframeworks, the “critical barriers” that have been spotted and the possibilities ofovercoming them. Several different recruitment strategies were used to collect data inorder to get to know the students’ alternative frameworks. The methodology of this studyis based on two researches: a test of the Q-Sort and a paper–pencil test. Based on theresults, some suggestions to help teachers and students avoid critical barriers that may bedifficult to overcome later in their geological education are presented.

How Do We Help Students Build Beliefs That Allow Them to Avoid Critical Learning Barriers and Develop A Deep Understanding of Geology?