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Disasters associated with marine transportation and hydrocarbon terrestrial cause serious impacts on coastal environments, affecting the fauna and marine flora, and undermine various economic activities, including those traditional, as is the case of artisanal fisheries. Thus, it is necessary to know the geology and geomorphology of the coast, especially the beaches due to high dynamics and vulnerability of these environments. The construction of mega-projects in the coastal zone and the traffic of oil tankers and smaller vessels, or even deploying ducts, located next to the coastline, pose a threat to the equilibrium of ecosystems. To this end, various aspects of coastal geomorphology of Marica were analyzed for further identification of the degree of sensitivity of the coastline to oil spill events from the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) proposed by the Ministry of Environment. The coastline of Marica, over 34 km long between Itaipuacu (at the west end) and Ponta Negra (east), presents four distinct areas for sensitivity to pollution from oil spills, as follows: ESI1 for the areas of rocky shores located on the east and west ends of this coast; ESI4, for almost all the beaches, formed by thick quartz sands and medium except the extreme west of Itaipuacu, which has very coarse sand and gravel is thus represented by ESI5; and ESI10 for the coastal lagoons and channels in the rear of sand barriers, subject to contamination through the channels and transposition by large waves of storms. The indexes include the extreme of this classification due to the wide variety of elements in the coastal landscape of Marica and shows the high sensitivity of this coast, facing the threat of disasters caused by oil spills.

CONTRIBUIÇÃO AO ENTENDIMENTO DA SENSIBILIDADE AMBIENTAL AO DERRAMAMENTO DE ÓLEO NO LITORAL DE MARICÁ NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO