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DOI:  10.12957/dep.2017.20164 Resumo Este artigo avalia as concepcoes fundacionais dos sistemas juridicos de Hans Kelsen e Evgeny Pachukanis. Expoe os elementos metodologicos que fazem com que cada um dos autores justifique as bases de seus sistemas teoricos do modo como as formulam e argumenta-se que o fundamento do direito deve residir em uma anuencia minima compartilhada por parte dos individuos que residem na comunidade em que o sistema legal e imposto. Com isso, alega-se que o modelo de Kelsen poderia concordar com concepcoes socialistas moderadas sem que isso implicasse no abandono da estrutura piramidal por ele concebida. Palavras-chave: positivismo juridico; materialismo historico; socialismo. Abstract This paper assesses the foundational conceptions of legal systems according to Hans Kelsen and Evgeny Pachukanis. It presents the methodological elements used by each of these authors to justify their theoretical systems and argues that the grounds of law have to reside on a minimum shared accordance by the individuals that live in the community to which the legal system is applied. Thus, it claims that Kelsen’s model may agree with a moderate socialist view without entailing the abandoning of the pyramidal structure conceived by him. Keywords: legal positivismo; historical materialism; socialism.

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Positivismo jurídico x materialismo histórico: uma leitura acerca das fundações dos sistemas jurídicos de Kelsen e Pachukanis / Legal positivism x historical materialism: a reading of the foundations of the legal systems of Kelsen and Pachukanis