English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Although the effects of dilazep hydrochloride (dilazep), a nucleoside transport inhibitor, have been examined, there have been no visualisation studies on the physiological effects of dilazep on the glomerular arterioles. The purpose of this study was to visualise and evaluate the effects of dilazep and consequently the effects of adenosine, which dilazep augments by measuring glomelurar diameters, renal blood flow and resistance in rats in vivo. We time-sequentially examined afferent and efferent arteriolar diameter changes using an intravital videomicroscope and renal blood flow. We administered dilazep at a dose of 300 microg/kg intravenously. To further investigate the effects of dilazep, rats were pre-treated with 8-p-sulfophenyl theophylline (a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist), 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (an A1 receptor antagonist), or 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (an A2 receptor antagonist). Dilazep constricted the afferent and efferent arterioles at the early phase and dilated them at the later phase, with the same degree of vasoconstrictive and vasodilatory effect on both arterioles. A1 blockade abolished vasoconstriction and augmented vasodilatation at the later phase and A2 blockade abolished vasodilatation and augmented vasoconstriction at the early phase. Non-selective blockade abolished both early vasoconstriction and later vasodilatation. In conclusion, adenosine augmented by dilazep constricted the afferent and efferent arterioles of the cortical nephrons at the early phase and dilated both arterioles at the later phase via A1 and A2 adenosine receptor activation, respectively. That the ratio of afferent to efferent arteriolar diameter was fairly constant suggests that intraglomerular pressure is maintained in the acute phase by adenosine despite the biphasic flow change.

Visualisation of the Effects of Dilazep on Rat Afferent and Efferent Arterioles In Vivo