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Cryptosporidium species are related to protozoan parasites that infect the gastrointestinal tractof a wide variety of animals, including humans. The host immune status is crucial for determiningthe susceptibility to infection, the outcome and the severity of the disease. Nitazoxanide®is the only FDA approved drug to treat such opportunistic infection, yet demonstrates limitedand immune-dependent efficacy. The present work studied the effect of combination therapy intreating cryptosporidiosis, plus exploring the possible modulating effect on the local adaptiveimmune response in experimental dexamethasone immunocompromized mice model. The resultsshowed that combination of selenium supplementation with ivermectin® or nitazoxanideimproved the oocysts reduction percentage compared to groups receiving single anti-parasitictherapeutic drugs alone. Also, combination of ivermectin with nitazoxanide gave the best oocystsreduction rates with the lowest score of ileitis severity. But, local expression of CD4 Tcells was down-regulated and unlikely could not be elevated enough even after all treatmenttypes. CD8 was up regulated in all treated groups as compared with non-treated control group,indicating its possible role in reducing the serious threats of such opportunistic infection.

POTENTIAL IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF SINGLE AND COMBINED THERAPIES AGAINST CRYPTOSPORIDIUM INFECTION IN IMMUNOSUPPRESSED MOUSE MODEL