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Background: Adverse fetal outcome has a wide spectrum of perinatal mortality and morbidity as low fetal Apgar score, admission to NICU, low birth weight, stillbirth & maternal morbidity, and mortality. The use of ultrasonography of placental sites and thickness is the most effective method to estimate the adverse pregnancy outcome. Objective: To investigate the relationship between placental sites, diameter, and thickness at the second trimester with pregnancy outcome. Patients and Methods: the current study was conducted at the Obstetrics & Gynecology Department in Shibin El Kom Teaching Hospital, on 200 pregnant women with a single fetus presenting for routine antenatal care in the second trimester, from September 2016 to August 2017. Detailed history, laboratory investigations, obstetric and ultrasound follow up study was done. Results: The mean age of all patients was 27.54±5.03 years old. Placental sites were associated with placenta previa, placenta abruption, bleeding, FGR, and preterm delivery. Also, the placental diameter was highly related to placenta previa, placental abruption, bleeding and positively correlated with age and body mass index. Regarding, the placental thickness, it was highly associated with macrosomia and negatively correlated with age, and positively correlated with GA. Conclusion: Placental implantation at the 18th to 24th weeks can be used as being at risk for adverse outcomes. Low placental implantation sites are associated with higher frequent preterm (labor & deliveries) and lower postpartum hemorrhage. High lateral placental implantations are associated with lower Apgar scores.

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Placental Sites and Thickness at Second Trimester and Its Correlation with Pregnancy Outcome