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Une methode d’extraction des fibres des bras de grappe du palmier dattier est proposee. La caracterisation mecanique en traction quasi statique des fibres non traitees et de celles traitees chimiquement par une solution de NaOH de 1 et 2% de concentration pendant des durees d’immersions de 48 et 72 h montre que le traitement chimique ameliore les proprietes mecaniques comme la contrainte a la rupture et le module de Young. L’optimum est trouve pour les fibres traitees avec 2% de concentration de NaOH pendant 48h d’immersion. Le taux de cristallinite des fibres traitees et non traitees a ete determine a l’aide d’essais de DRX. Les resultats ont fait l’objet d’une analyse statistique de variance Anova a un facteur. Mots cles : fibres naturelles- palmier dattier – traction – DRX – analyse statistique. Statistical analysis and effect of chemical treatment on the physicomechanical behavior of fibres from date-palm fruit branches In this paper the authors propose a method of extracting fibres from date palm cluster arm as well as the mechanical characterization quasi static tensile untreated fibers and chemically treated by NaOH solution of 1 and 2% concentration during immersions durations of 48 and 72 h. The results show that the chemical treatment improves the mechanical properties (failure stress and Young's modulus) and the optimum was found for the fibres treated with 2% concentration of NaOH for 48h immersion. XRD tests were performed to determine the degree of crystallinity of the treated and untreated fibres. Finally, all the results of mechanical tests were statistically analyzed by ANOVA with a factor. Keywords : natural fibres - date Palm - traction – XRD – statistical analysis.

synthèse

Analyse Statistique et Effet des Traitements Chimique sur leComportement Physico - Mécanique des Fibres des Bras de Grappe desPalmiers Dattier = Statistical Analysis and Effect of Chemical Treatment on the Physicomechanical Behavior of Fibres from Date-Palm Fruit Branches