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Para la adecuada toma de decisiones en baloncesto es necesario que previamente el jugador perciba los estimulos mas importantes del entorno, gracias a su atencion selectiva. En la actualidad la mayoria de las investigaciones que buscan la mejora tactica del jugador no tienen en cuenta esta cualidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar si mediante una metodologia basada en las teorias constructivistas del aprendizaje se consigue mejorar la capacidad de atencion selectiva de la muestra seleccionada, formada por 10 jugadores de un equipo amateur de baloncesto, con una edad media de 21 anos. Se utilizo un diseno cuasi-experimental de caso unico (n = 1) sin grupo control. El programa de intervencion tuvo una duracion igual a una temporada (7 meses). Para evaluar la capacidad de atencion se diseno un instrumento, previamente validado, basado en la exposicion de unas escenas de video de secuencias de partidos. El jugador debia describir la situacion presentada, la cual posteriormente era comparada con un registro de lo que realmente sucedia. Los resultados mostraron que los jugadores, tras el programa de entrenamiento, conseguian mejorar su capacidad de atender a los estimulos mas importantes, encontrandose unas mejoras del 89,5%, para los referidos a los defensivos, y del 25,5%, a los de ataque, siendo las diferencias entre el pretest y el postest altamente significativas. Palabras clave: atencion, baloncesto, constructivismo, tactica. === Abstract When making decisions in basketball, it is necessary for the player to perceive the most important environmental stimuli through selective perception. However, most research that seeks to improve player performance does not take this into account. The purpose of this study was to test whether one can improve the selective perception skills of basketball players by way of a methodology based on constructivist teaching aimed at improving the players selective perception. The study evaluated an amateur team of 10 basketball players with an average age of 21 years through the course of a typical basketball season (7 months). This was a quasi-experimental case study (n=1) without a control group. In order to evaluate the players’ attention skills, a test was designed and validated before its use based on video footage of games. The player was asked to describe a specific moment from the game which would later be compared with the video record of what really occurred. The results showed that after participating  improve their ability to perceive and act upon the most important stimuli in any given situation by 89.5% on defence and 25.5% on offense. The differences between their pre-test and post-test scores were significantly different. Key words: Attention, basketball, constructivism, tactics.

cultura, ciencia y deporte

La mejora de la capacidad de atención selectiva del jugador de baloncesto a través de la enseñanza orientada al aprendizaje táctico. (Enhancing the selective perception of basketball players through tactical learning)