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Debido a la frecuencia de casos con una reducida extensibilidad isquiosural y alteraciones posturales en adolescentes, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia de un programa de estiramientos, de corta duracion, en la extensibilidad isquiosural y disposicion sagital del raquis en estudiantes de Educacion Secundaria. A sesenta y dos adolescentes varones (14-17 anos) se les midio la extensibilidad isquiosural (test sit-and-reach y test de elevacion de la pierna recta) antes (pre-test) y despues (post-test) de un programa escolar de 5 semanas (2 sesiones semanales), compuesto por tres estiramientos de la musculatura isquiosural, con una duracion total por sesion de 70 segundos. Tambien se valoro la disposicion sagital del raquis toracico, lumbar e inclinacion pelvica en bipedestacion relajada y en el sit-and-reach. Se encontro un aumento significativo en la distancia alcanzada en el test sit-and-reach (d= 0,23) y en el angulo de flexion coxofemoral en el test de elevacion de la pierna recta (d= 0,85-0,90). La disposicion sagital del raquis en bipedestacion no mostro diferencias entre el pre- y post-test. En la posicion de maxima flexion del sit-and-reach, hubo una menor cifosis toracica y menor retroversion pelvica (p < 0,05) en el post-test, aunque con un tamano del efecto bajo (d=0,02-0,22). Un programa de estiramientos de la musculatura isquiosural realizado en las dos clases semanales de Educacion Fisica (70 segundos de estiramiento en cada clase), durante 5 semanas, mejora la extensibilidad isquiosural de adolescentes y reduce, ligeramente, la flexion toracica y la retroversion pelvica en la posicion de maxima flexion del tronco con rodillas extendidas. === Hamstring shortness and postural deformities are frequent in adolescents. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of a shortterm stretching program in hamstring extensibility and sagittal spinal curvatures in high school students. Sixty-two male high school students aged 14-17 years old performed a 70 seconds hamstring stretching program (3 exercises) twice a week for five weeks during their physical education classes. Hamstring extensibility was measured by the straight leg raise test and sit-and-reach test. Thoracic and lumbar curves and pelvic inclination were measures in relaxed standing and in the sit-and-reach test. These measures were assessed before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the intervention program. Significant increases in the sit-and-reach score (d= 0.23) and in the straight leg raise angle (d= 0.85-0.90) were found. Sagittal spinal curvatures in standing showed no differences between pre- and post-test. In the maximal trunk flexion position during the sit-and-reach was detected a lower thoracic kyphosis and posterior pelvic tilt (p < 0.05) in post-test although with a low size effect (d=0.02-0.22). A hamstring muscle stretching program with a volume of 2 sessions per week (70 seconds each session), for 5 weeks, improves hamstring extensibility in adolescents and slightly reduces the thoracic bending and posterior pelvic tilt in trunk flexion postures with extended knees.

Short-term effect of a hamstring stretching program in hamstring extensibility and sagittal spinal curvatures in high school students