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In this paper we propose a plane pendulum model to study the lateral vibrations of a suspension bridge under crowd excitation. The cables and the bridge deck of the suspension bridge are represented by two strings and a rigid body, respectively. The lateral force induced by the crowd is expressed by a cosine function with random phase. The proposed model can be used to exhibit the whole changing process how a suspension bridge increases its lateral amplitude from small to large. It is shown that the worst case appears when the ratio between the lateral natural frequency of the bridge and the lateral step frequency of the pedestrians approaches 1/2. Comparing with other existing models, the proposed model takes the structural characteristics of the suspension bridge into account, and describes the lateral force induced by crowd with a unified form for different lateral bridge amplitudes. 1

Stability Analysis of Pedestrian-Footbridge Interaction Based on a Plane Pendulum Model