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The main problem of previous methods for calculating the solar diffuse radiation transmission through shading louvers is that they can only deal with flat slats. Taking the radian and dimension of louvers into consideration, a new model of solar diffuse radiation transmission through opaque shuttle louvers was established and experimentally verified in this paper. Firstly, the new calculation model was established, and then a computer program was developed with MATLAB, which can be used to study the solar diffuse radiation transmission through shuttle louvers. Secondly, an experimental set-up was built to verify the new model, and the results showed that the model predictions compared well with the experimental data. Finally, the error of the conventional calculation methods was analyzed, and the results shows that, the “flat slat model” leads to overestimation of the transmittance of diffuse radiation, and the relative error increased from 10.28% to 453.03% when the rotation angle increasing from 0 to 85°. Introduction Shading is a rational way of dealing with solar radiation in many conditions such as solar heat gain blocking and natural lighting of buildings [1]. There are various kinds of building shades that are commonly used, especially shuttle louvers. Compared with other kind of louvers, the obvious advantages of shuttle louvers include streamlined appearance, good strength and adjustable rotation angle [2].Solar radiation irradiating on building envelope includes beam radiation, sky diffuse radiation, ground reflection radiation, diffuse radiation reflected from surrounding buildings, and long-wave radiation [3-4]. Parmelee and Aubele [5] developed a mathematical model for calculating the solar diffuse radiation transmission of slat. Pfrommer et al. [6-7] also developed a solar radiation transmission model of slat, with the calculation method for diffuse radiation transmission similar with that in [5]. Simmler et al. [8] developed a “Simmler model”, which can be used to analyze the relationship between effective optical properties and surface reflectivity of slat, assuming that “slat was flat”. Based on the “Simmler model”, Van Dijk et al. [9-10] developed a software package named “Advanced Windows Information System” to calculate the optical and thermal properties of windows with shadings, where one of the important components was the shading model with the assumption that “slat was flat”. This method was adopted by ISO 15099-2003 [11]. Zhang et al. [12] analyzed a calculation model of solar diffuse radiation transporting through flat blinds. In general, the main problem of previous methods for calculating diffuse radiation transmission calculations is that they can only deal with flat slats. For opaque shuttle louvers, new model needs to be developed to overcome the shortcomings of the previous methods. Many researchers studied experimental methods to verify the calculation models of shade systems. Chantrasrisalai and Fisher [13] put forward an in-situ experimental method to validate the optical model of a slat-type blind. This method was also employed by Wang et al. [14] to validate their optical model of a complex multi-glazing facades system with venetian blinds, and the model predictions agreed well with the experimental results. However, this method is not suitable for shuttle louvers, because the dimensions of shuttle louvers are bigger than those of venetian blinds, and measurement uncertainties can inevitably arises from the inhomogeneity of the blind layer and

Model of the Solar Diffuse Radiation Transmission Through Opaque Shuttle Louvers and Experimental Verification