English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

This paper describes a basic synthesis model based on the KS algorithm for metallic percussion instrument. Unlike other percussion instruments, Korean metallic percussion instrument called Jing have a precise harmonic structure that is characteristic of stringed instruments. In addition, each harmonic exhibits a frequency gliding phenomenon called softening according to the intensity of the deriving, and irregular non-linearity called hardening for some partials. Therefore, the proposed synthesis model applies KS algorithm for harmonic structure and KS algorithm with time-varying propagation speed for irregular nonlinearity, hardening. Introduction The metallic percussion gong renders a single pitch and has a frequency gliding due to the structural characteristics. In 1978, Rossing and Ross studied the vibration mode and the timbre of Chinese and Indonesian percussion instruments, confirming that the Chinese gong has a pitch and a semitone variation depending on its size [1]. Peterson and Rossing researched vibrational modes and spectra of cymbal, tamtam, and gong [2]. Fletcher reported that the shape of the gong is related to the nonlinearity of the hardening or softening [3]. Based on these results, Krueger et al. revealed two sources of the ombak (beating) phenomenon produced by the nonlinear mode coupling [4]. For the Korean metallic percussion instruments, Sung in 1994 analyzed the acoustical and vibrational characteristics of Jing and Kkwaenggwari (Korean folk style gong) and reported that they show the softening phenomenon [5]. Afterwards, Kwon et al. discovered the vibration mode of Jing and the natural frequency through the acoustic analysis using the planar acoustic holography and accelerometer, and observed a rotating energy phenomenon at a specific frequency [6]. Also, researches were conducted on how to construct Korean gong and its acoustic characteristics [7], on sound amplification and duration according to the depth of rim [8], as well as on the detection of eigen frequency from gong sound using ensemble empirical mode decomposition [9]. Likewise, most studies until now have focused on discovering vibration modes and natural frequencies. In this paper, we propose a sound synthesis model for metallic percussion instrument, especially, for Korean percussion instrument. The proposed model is able to express both the exact pitch and nonlinearity as a model combining the conventional KS algorithm and the KS algorithm with time-varying propagation speed. Korean Gong called Jing Physical Characteristics Jing is a traditional Korean metallic percussion instrument having the structure of curved plate, and was used widely from old for the palace music as well as the folk music. The making of Jing relies a great deal on the word of mouth and experience because it is constructed using the traditional quenching method in which an alloy of copper and tin with 72 to 28 ratio is hammered by numerous

Development of a Synthesis Model Based on KS Algorithm for Metallic Percussion Instrument