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The Building of Hankou Customs, a building built in the 1920s on the riverside in Hankou in Wuhan and one once regarded as a landmark of Wuhan, has stood upright on the bank of the Yangtze River in Hankou for almost a century. She was a witness of the opening of the commercial port of Hankou, and a monument of the vicissitudes of Wuhan as well. Today’s Jianhanguan, almost submerged by the towering high-rises around, has lost its significance as a symbol of Hankou and a focus of the cultural vision. In this paper, through analysis of the artistic characteristics of architecture with Jianghanguan as a typical example, the author discussed the historical origin, popularization and application of Corinthian columns while referred to some foreign materials as well as local conditions in Wuhan. In the meantime, the author further proposed the idea that “architecture shall draw on others’ successful experience and embrace things of diverse nature”. The Origin and Artistic Characteristics of Corinthian Columns Corinthian columns originated from Ancient Greece and were first adopted in the Corinth region. It emerged in the 5th century B.C., later than the Doric Order (appeared in the 7th century B.C., the earliest one among three major orders of classical architecture) and Ionic Order (originated from Greece, one of the three orders of classical Greek architecture; slender and graceful in style, also known as the female column; featuring 24 grooves on the column shaft and a pair of downward decorative scroll work on the column cap). It failed to catch on in Ancient Greece, but was widely adopted after being spread to Rome. It rose in the 15th century during the Renaissance, when architects drew on ancient art to form their own architectural styles and abandoned the Gothic style that was once regarded as a classic. There was a moving story about the generation of Corinthian columns. Vitruvius of Ancient Rome was the first architectural theorist in mankind’s history of architecture that has left works of his own. This engineer, who once worked for Caesar and Augustus and enjoyed collecting information and summarizing ideas, wrote the first handbook with systematic discussion of architecture in the architectural history after his retirement, the Ten Books on Architecture. In this book, he described the origin of the Corinthian column cap. Once there was a beautiful young lady in Corinth, who died from illness before getting married. Her wet nurse, who loved her dearly, collected her favorite toys and items into a basket and set it in front of the young lady’s grave. To protect the items in the basket from rainfall, the wet nurse placed a stone plate on top of the basket. The next year, grass grew around the basket. Blades of grass stretched up but were blocked by the stone plate on top of the basket, from where they rolled outward, thus forming a swirling shape. A sculptor named Callimachus passed by the grave just at the right moment. At the sight of this beautiful basket surrounded by blades of Acanthus, he caught a sudden artistic inspiration, from which the Corinthian column cap was born. This story informed people in a vivid way that inspirations of architectural art actually originated from the beauty of life. As we could notice, landmark buildings completed around the 19th century in the most important countries in Europe—Germany, France and Italy—all adopted ancient Greek orders dating back to more than 2000 years ago. Ancient Greece boasted three orders, which were selected by architects

A Brief Study on the Application of Corinthian Columns in Jianghanguan (Hankou Customs)