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This paper proposes a new methodology in rational modeling of narrow band antenna. Through the analysis for the measured Z-parameter of the antenna via vector fitting method (VFM), the rational fraction polynomial can fit the Z-parameter accurately. By comparing the basic models with the polynomial, the rational model of the antenna and parameters can be derived. The model has high accuracy in characterizing the antenna, and plays a guiding role in narrow band antenna design. Introduction Narrow band antenna is a new type of antenna, which is gradually developed in the last 30 years. Compared with the common microwave antenna, narrow band antenna has the advantages of miniaturization, ease of integration, good directivity, etc. It has been widely used in Terahertz research [1], Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) research, Global Positioning System (GPS), etc. In the design of the narrow band antenna, developing a rational model for the antenna is one of the most common and practical way to characterize the electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna [2]. In general, the rational model is closely related to the physics and geometry of the antenna, which can provide a good reference for the design of the antenna through simulating the parameters of the rational model [3]. There are two basic requirements to propose the rational model [4].The first one is the impedance requirement: the input impedance Zin and admittances Yin of the rational model should be matched to those of the modeled antenna. The second is the radiated behavior requirement: the load resistor RL should be equal to the resistor of the antenna’s radiation Rrad. In order to meet the requirements, the numerical curve fitting is one of the most common ways to extract parameters in the development of the rational model [5]. However, the numerical fitting method has an assignable problem. It often has a large amount of computation and is difficult to converge and get stable solutions. This paper adopts a rational function approximation approach called vector-fitting [6, 7] to construct the rational model which have advantages in lower computation, better stability over traditional numerical simulation. Model parameters can be computed through the poles and residues of VF method results. Through using the vector fitting method to fit the measured data of the Zparameters of the narrow band

Rational Modeling of Narrow Band Antenna by Vector Fitting