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Bottlenose dolphins are the focus of a great deal of mythology that casts all dolphins and whales as on par or exceeding humans in their intelligence and communicative abilities (Gregg, 2013). Experiments with artificial language systems have shown that dolphins can attach meaning to symbols (Herman, 1987) and can follow arbitrary ordering rules (Herman, Kuczaj, & Holder, 1993), much like human syntax, but have failed to find elements that suggest the complexity of human language (Kako, 1999). However, dolphins have been found to utilize a rare call type that has only been found in humans, some parrots, and dolphins (Balsby & Bradbury, 2009; Janik, Sayigh, & Wells, 2006; Wanker, Sugama, & Prinage, 2005) – a unique signal that may be used to identify individuals – the signature whistle (Caldwell & Caldwell, 1965). In the years since they were first identified, it has become relatively well established that signature whistles are utilized in much the same way as contact calls, except they also carry identity information (Janik et al., 2006). One study even showed that when separate groups of dolphins encountered each other in the wild, an increase in signature whistling was correlated with the likelihood that those groups would then travel together (Quick & Janik, 2012). This pattern suggested that signature whistles may be used as greeting communications, potentially soothing fraught initial interactions. Our study questioned whether this pattern of behavior would be observed in a captive environment. Because dolphin introductions in captive environments occur in a controlled setting, researchers can monitor the production of signature whistles by individuals in this context. We recorded vocal interactions as a new individual, a juvenile male, was introduced to a group of two resident dolphins, 270

Greeting and meeting: Vocal interactions and use of signature whistles in bottlenose dolphins during an introduction