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Despite the implementation of resident work hour regulations, studies have not consistently shown beneficial changes in residents’ sleep quality or duration. We hypothesized that inter-individual sleep-related differences may exist prior to training and the pre-existing sleep health and habits may impact training. Objective: To determine interns’ baseline sleep quality, sleep hygiene, chronotypes, and their correlates at the beginning of their residency training program. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an anonymous “Resident Sleep Survey” included baseline demographic information and questionnaires, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Pittsburgh’s Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI). Results: One hundred and twenty-nine subjects participated the study; 45.7 % (n=59) were male and 18.6 % (n=24) were married. Twenty percent of interns had an ESS >10. The PSQI revealed that 28% of interns had poor sleep hygiene. The mean sleep efficiency was 91.2 ±7.4% estimated from the PSQI. Non-married interns had a lower prevalence of morning chronotypes (22.3% vs. 45.8%, p=0.02). Morning chronotype interns had a lower ESS score (6.1 ±3.1 vs. 7.6 ±3.6, p=0.03) and a lower SHI (29 ±7.0 vs. 34.3 ±7.1, p=0.003). Conclusion: About a quarter of interns had poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness prior to their training. Non-morning chronotype interns appeared to have more daytime sleepiness and poorer sleep quality. Since pre-existing sleep problems may adversely affect learning, we suggest that strategies to improve sleep hygiene and quality in this specific population should be emphasized early in their training.

Sleep quality, sleep habits, and chronotypes of medical interns at the beginning of their training