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Numerous studies have examined the growth rate and the level of development of countries. According to economy, sociology, and even history, it can be easily observed that knowledge is one of the most important indicators for countries to achieve sustainable growth and development. Education is seen as the main input for a society to be considered a "knowledge society," and the aim of this study is to investigate this multidimensional character of education. In the scope of the study, United Nations Public Administration Network (UNPAN)'s Knowledge Society Index is reviewed and recalculated with respect to different variables to understand the significance of being a knowledge society for the economic g rowth of a country. Regarding this recalculation, another important aim of the study is to rank Turkey in the recalculated index and try to expose reasons for its actual situation. In this context, Turkey's strengths and weaknesses are set out. In conclusion, in accordance with the determinations, policy recommendations to authorities are also included.Keywords: Knowledge society * Composite indicators * Knowledge economy * UNPAN Knowledge Society Index(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)The notion of a knowledge society derives from the Latin word "informato" and is used in the meaning of "formation," "shaping," and "announcing." In general, knowledge is defined as an "intellectual product" or "something learned" that is acquired by thinking, judging, reasoning, reading, observing, and testing. Especially in the last two decades, considering the knowledge explosion that occurred due to the advances in science and technology and the opportunities that information technology has offered for societal and economic improvements, it will be appropriate to mention Toffler's (1984) "third wave" stage as "the age of knowledge," and the society that this era requires as "knowledge society."According to Toffler, "The ignorant of the future will not be the uneducated, but the person who doesn't know how to learn;" this clearly exposes the importance of knowing the ways and methods of learning (Boydak, 2001). These authors indicated that in the future knowledge will be the most distinctive factor in shaping the individuals and society. Toffler's saying "in the ancient times the strong, in the industry age the rich used to achieve, but in the age of knowledge the knowledgeable will achieve" indicates that in the forthcoming period the success of the individual, the institution, and the society depend on the efficiency in producing and using the knowledge (Simsek & Yildirim, 2001).LiteratureKnowledge economy has been a widely discussed notion in which knowledge plays a basic role in the level of economic and sociological development of countries. In the literature, science and education have been the basic elements associated with a knowledge-based economy (Hargreaves, 2002). The education phase has been analyzed in many studies in the literature, and some of these findings will be mentioned below (UNESCO, 2005).The "knowledge society" and "knowledge economy" terms were first used by Drucker (1969). In a study in 2001, Drucker mentioned that knowledge will be the main element for economies. He has used the argument of the domination of knowledge workers within overall employment to explain why knowledge should be perceived as the primary element for economies. Friedman (2005), parallel to Drucker's ideas, explained the link between education and societal transformation by identifying innovation as the main element for the transformation of economies (Oblinger, 2012).The Tertiary Education for the Knowledge Society report, prepared by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for 14 countries included political proposals to create the greatest effect in shaping the labor market with regard to education, The proposals that are mentioned are: (a) the basic terms of the arrangements should be within the long-term plans and address the society and labor market in general; (b) reward education that meets the expectations of the labor market, thus fostering agreements that promote success; (c) define the existing organizational structure in a better way and conduct research on the success of decisions that are made; and (d) make education be supported financially not only by the general public but also by the financial institutions. …

A New Knowledge Society Index: Global Tendencies and an Analysis of Turkey