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Recently, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (NACT-IDS) has been recommended for selected patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III or IV disease and bulky tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between post-NACT serum CA 125 levels, surgical outcomes, and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. We retrospectively analyzed 107 patients with FIGO stage III or IV ovarian cancer who were treated with NACT-IDS at the Gynecology Department of Kanagawa Cancer Center between January 2001 and December 2012. Serum CA 125 levels after NACT were significantly lower in the complete/optimal IDS group compared to the suboptimal IDS group (mean±standard deviation: 48.1±27.6 vs. 346.5±295.2 U/mL, p&lt;0.01). Patients with low preoperative CA 125 levels (&lt;35 U/mL) had a higher probability of optimal IDS (78.1±41.9% vs. 33.3±19.2%, p&lt;0.01) and longer progression-free survival (mean±standard deviation: 30.4±14.3 months vs. 21.3±7.3 months, p&lt;0.05) than patients with high CA 125 levels (&gt;100 U/mL). Patients with low CA 125 levels (&lt;35 U/mL) had a higher probability of complete/optimal IDS and longer progression-free survival compared to patients with high CA 125 levels (&gt;100 U/mL).

Serum CA 125 Level after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy is Predictive of Prognosis and Debulking Surgery Outcomes in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer