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High oleic acid composition is an important determinant of seed quality in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) in regard to its nutritional benefits for human health and prolonged shelf-life for peanut products. To improve the oleic acid content of popular peanut cultivars in China, four peanut cultivars of different market types were hybridized with high-oleic-acid donors and backcrossed for four generations as recurrent parents using fad2 marker-assisted backcross selection. Seed quality traits in advanced generations derived by selfing were assessed using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for detection of oleic acid and Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) screening of fad2 mutant markers. Twenty-four high-oleic-acid lines of BC 4 F 4 and BC 4 F 5 populations, with morphological features and agronomic traits similar to those of the recurrent parents, were obtained within 5 years. The genetic backgrounds of BC 4 F 5 lines were estimated using the KASP assay, which revealed the genetic background recovery rate was 79.49%-92.31%. The superior lines raised are undergoing a multi-location test for cultivar registration and release. To our knowledge, this is the first application of single nucleotide polymorphism markers based on the high-throughput and cost-effective KASP assay for detection of fad2 mutations and genetic background evaluation in a peanut breeding program.

breeding science

Marker-assisted backcrossing to improve seed oleic acid content in four elite and popular peanut (&lt;i&gt;Arachis hypogaea&lt;/i&gt; L.) cultivars with high oil content