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The aim of this study is to characterize and determine the ceramic properties of the Turgutlu clay fired at various temperatures. For this purpose, the clay sample was first characterized by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and plasticity measurements. The mineralogical composition of the Turgutlu clay was dominated by quartz, illite, mica, hematite, calcite, kaolinite, microcline, and smectite. The data obtained from plasticity tests indicated that the Turgutlu clay was very high plastic clay. To evaluate firing behaviors, pressed clay samples were fired separately at temperatures between 850 and 1100 ◦C. Fired specimens were evaluated by water absorption, linear shrinkage, bulk density, flexural strength, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Significant changes were observed such as an increase in the linear shrinkage and flexural strength together with a decrease in the water absorption above 1050 ◦C. Based on the technological characteristics, the Turgutlu clay could be used in the manufacture of structural ceramics.

Characteristics and Ceramic Properties of Turgutlu Clay