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To determine the impact of an oxidizing Ar–H2–H2O/air dual atmosphere on the kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of the Crofer 22APU steel as compared to oxidation in a single atmosphere (Ar–H2–H2O or air), the oxidation kinetics of this steel were investigated both in single and dual reaction atmospheres at 1073 K during 100, 250, 500, and 1000 h of oxidation. Detailed morphological observations and the results of chemical composition analyses carried out using transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed the presence of Fe in the scale formed on the cathode side in the dual atmosphere. Based on morphological observations (scanningand transmission electron microscopies) and chemical and phase composition analyses (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively) of the products of oxidation of the Crofer 22APU steel, and on the determined oxidation kinetics, a mechanism describing scale growth on both sides of the steel during its oxidation in conditions involving a gradient of the chemical potential of oxygen and hydrogen was proposed.

Corrosion Behavior of Crofer 22APU for Metallic Interconnects in Single and Dual Atmosphere Exposures at 1073~K