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The study focuses on the nutrient and food intakes of stunted children aged 3-5 y/o, 6-9 y/o, and 10-12 y/o. and determine the association between dietary factors and the prevalence of stunting. Data from the 2013 National Nutrition Survey in the Philippines were used. Stunting was defined as height-for-age < -2 SD of the reference population. Dietary factors were estimated based on the 24-h food recall. Results showed that stunted children had higher nutrients deficiencies. They had lower consumption of cereals, tubers, and roots, meat, poultry, and fish, and dairy. Compared to the lowest counterparts (Q1), preschoolers with higher intake of calcium (Q4) (OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.76) were less likely to become stunted, young school-aged with higher intakes of crude protein (Q4) (OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.84), iron (Q4) (OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.97) and lower intake of magnesium (Q4) (OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.98) have lower odds to become stunted, and older school-aged with higher intake of protein and thiamin (Q4) were associated with 40% and 34% reduced odds of being stunted (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.87) (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.98). Higher calcium and protein intake significantly influenced the reduction of the risk of being stunted among children.

Usual Nutrient and Food Intake of Filipino Stunted Children: Does It Matter?