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Trypanosoma evansi is a hemoparasite. It infects a wide range domestic and wild animals and it has a wide geographic distribution. Trypanosoma evansi is transmitted by mechanical vectors like tabanids. Horses infected by Trypanosoma evansi present a chronic weight loss, icterus, oedema, anemia, abortions and neurological troubles.  Due to this parasite , cases of human trypanosomiasis have been reported in different countries by contacting with infected animals. In this study, 206 healthy equines (177 horses and 29 donkeys), in El-Bayadh district, southwestern Algeria, were blood sampled in order to be tested for the presence of antibodies against T. evansi using the CATT / T. evansi . The individual seroprevalence of T. evansi was found to be 46.6% (CI 95%, 40.7-54.4%). Out of 98 positives samples, 56.1% (55/98) were shown at level 1 (+), 27.5% (27/98) at level 2 (++) and 16.3% (16/98) at level 3 (+++). The results show that out of 177 tested horses, 80 were seropositive to T. evansi , 45.2% (CI 95%, 37.8-52.5%) and out of 29 tested donkeys, 18 were seropositive to T. evansi, 62.1% (CI 95%, 44.4-79.7%). Gender, age, high plains zone, promiscuity with dromedaries, presence of animals near than watering points and vegetation were positively associated with the seropositivity of animals on an individual basis and may be considered as risk factors for this disease. Trypanosomiasis due to T. evansi is endemic in horses and donkeys in El-Bayadh district.

Prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in horses (Equus caballus) and donkeys (Equus asinus) in El-Bayadh district, southwestern Algeria