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The Pb-Zn-Ag carbonate-replacement deposits in the Lavrion district are genetically related to a 710 Ma-old granodiorite, felsic dikes and sills. These deposits are hosted in the Upper and Lower marble and schists of the Cyclades Blueschist unit and occur along the major Legraina detachment fault. Carbonate-replacement orebodies occur as “mantos” and veins, dominated by base metal sulfides and Ag, Bi, Sn, Sb, As, and Pb sulfosalts. Calculated carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of the hydrothermal fluid range from δCCO2 of -13.7 to 0.8 per mil and δ OH2O of 4.2 to 27.4 per mil, at 400o, 350o, 320o, 300o, 250o and 200oC. These isotopic compositions reveal water-torock ratios ranging from 4.8 to 52.6%, which reflect intense interaction of the ore fluid with the host rock in a water-dominated, transitional closed to open hydrothermal system. The range of δSH2S for sulfides in the deposits were from -8.5 to 6.8 per mil, for similar temperatures, whereas for barite-fluorite veins from δSH2S of -43.6 to -16.4 per mil, at 200o, 150o and 100oC. This range implies that there was contribution from a magmatic sulfur component exsolved from the Plaka pluton, as well as contribution from a metasedimentary component. Based on the isotopic signature of sulfur for barite, the ranges from -6.7 to -7.6, comprising an increase in the fluid influx. Isotopic temperatures based on pyrite-galena and sphalerite-pyrite pairs revealed at least three major events of carbonate-replacement ore deposition, (i) at ~ 360o, (ii) 320o-280o and (iii) 260o-200oC.

THE ISOTOPIC SIGNATURE OF THE MINERALIZING FLUID OF THE LAVRION CARBONATE-REPLACEMENT PB-ZN-AG DISTRICT