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Histochemistry has contributed a great deal not only to the understanding of biological phenomena but also to clinical medicine. Recently developed histochemical techniques include immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which help analyze not only the localization of proteins but also molecular changes. The main advantage of histochemistry lies in the analysis of biologic phenomena in the “particular cells”. In the study of diseases, it is essential to study the particular “disordered cells”, such as cancer cells. For this purpose, recent histochemical technologies such as laser capture microdissection (LCM) and tissue microarray (TMA) are very efficient tools. LCM is a technique which enables us to analyze particular cells for DNA and mRNA changes. TMA is suitable for evaluation of the antibodies for IHC and various molecular probes for ISH or FISH. This article is a technical review of LCM and TMA when we apply them for use in histochemistry for basic science and clinical medicine (Fig. 1).

Histochemical Technologies for Genomics and Proteomics: Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) and Tissue Microarray (TMA)