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The genome structure of polyploid species can be considered from chromosome pairing of interspecific or intergeneric hybrids involving the species in question. It is often difficult, however, to distinguish autosyndetic pairings from alooyndetic ones. In such case polyhaploid plants provide critical information concerning the genome constitution of polyploid species (Sakamoto 1964). Recently the production of haploid plants of Hordeum vulgare Linn, and Triticum aestivum Linn. was successful by crossing them with the pollen of Hordeum bulbosum Linn, followed by embryo culture, during which chromosomes of the pollen parent were eliminated (Kasha and Kao 1970; Barclay 1975). With the help of this method, it became possible to induce polyhaploid plants in several genera of the tribe Triticeae which are comprised of many complex polyploid species. In order to obtain haploids in the genus Aegilops, several species were pollinated by Hordeum bulbosum and hybrid embryos obtained were cultured aseptically. The following Aegilops species which have been maintained at the Plant Germplasm Institute, Kyoto University, were used as the female parents: Ae. caudata Linn. (2x), Ae. cyassa Boiss. (4x), Ae, cyassa (6x), Ae. cylindrica Host (4x), Ae, heldreichii Holzm. (2x), Ae. juvenalis Eig (6x), Ae, longissima Schw, et Musch. (2x), Ae. ovata Linn. (4x), Ae. speltoides Tausch (2x), Ae. squarrosa Linn. (2x) ssp, strangulate Eig, Ae, triaristata Willd. (4x), Ae, triaristata (6x), Ae. triuncialis Linn. (4x) and Ae, vavilovii Chenn. (6x). A tetraploid form of Hr. bulbosum collected in Turkey was used as the pollen parent. Hand-emasculated spikes of Aegilops enclosed in paraffin-paper bags were pollinated four days after by brushing stigma with newly broken anthers of Hr. bulbosum. Of 13 species used in the crossing experiment, only six set seeds as shown in Table 1. A high percentage of the seed set was observed in Ae, cyassa (6x) (46.3%), Ae. squarrosa ssp, strangulate (30.2%) and Ae, triaristata (4x) (53.1%). Since the hybrid seeds showed a sign of abortion at about ten days after pollination, the embryo culture was applied to them. The embryo of hybrid seeds was cultured with the modified medium used by Brink et al. (1944), adding 15 g agar, 1 g yeast extract and 1 g Vitamin Bl per 1,000 ml of solution. After the dissection in a sterile cabinet, the embryos were planted on the surface of the agar in test tubes,

PRODUCTION OF A POLYHAPLOID PLANT OF <i>AEGILOPS CRASSA</i> (<i>6</i>X) POLLINATED BY <i>HORDEUM BULBOSUM</i>1)