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During the survey of Łempis Nature Reserve (Augustów Forest, NE Poland) 353 species of vascular plants were recorded, including 32 considered threatened with extinction in Poland (7 species from the Polish “red data book” and 32 species from the Polish “red list”). Among them there were 41 species protected under the Polish law, including 19 strictly protected species and four species listed in the Annex II of the EU Habitats Directive. Ten orchid species were recorded, including the most valuable plants of the nature reserve – Cypripedium calceolus, Hammarbya paludosa, Liparis loeselii and Listera cordata. Among 32 noted Cyperaceae species (including 26 members of the Carex genus), there was a number of threatened plants, e.g. Baeothryon alpinum, Carex chordorrhiza, C. loliacea and Eriophorum gracile. Other rare species included Agrimonia pilosa, Cladium mariscus, Laserpitium latifolium, Linnaea borealis, Potamogeton gramineus and Pulsatilla patens. The presence of anthropophytes was significant (4.5% of the flora), probably due to the past forest management practices as well as proximity of settlements. The extremely rich flora, along with pristine wetland ecosystems (mesotrophic lakes, various mire forests and fens), places the Łempis Nature Reserve among the most valuable nature reserves in Poland. key woRDs: red list species, neophytes, ancient forest species, wetland, Cyperaceae, Orchidaceae 2017, Vol. 21(3): 107–113 doi:10.12657/steciana.021.013 108 Paweł Pawlikowski et al.

Vascular plants of Łempis nature reserve in the Augustów forest (NE Poland)