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Shells and three DNA loci of Viviparus mamillatus (Küster, 1852), V. contectus (Millet, 1813), V. acerosus Bourguignat 1862 and V. viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758) were analysed. Despite slight morphological differences between the nominal species, and the near-absence of differences in nuclear 18SrRNA (18S) and histone 3 (H3) loci, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) confirmed species distinctness of all but V. mamillatus. The latter should be synonymised with V. contectus. The comparison of COI-based phylogeny with the earlier, allozymeand morphology-based, phylogenies suggests that V. contectus and V. viviparus are the most distantly related, in the DNA tree V. acerosus is closer to V. contectus, while in the allozyme and morphology-based tree – to V. viviparus. key words: species distinctness, shell, shell sculpture, radula, soft parts, mtDNA, COI

folia malacologica

Viviparus mamillatus (Küster, 1852), and partial congruence between the morphology-, allozyme- and DNA-based phylogeny in European Viviparidae (Caenogastropoda: Architaenioglossa)