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A systematic laboratory compaction testing was performed with the laboratory seismic measurements of the compacted specimens sampled from various compaction fills and was supplemented with in-situ seismic testing to investigate the effects of compaction energy on the elastic wave velocities of the railway roadbed materials. The both variances of the compressive and shear wave velocities with moisture content curve (Vp-w and Vs-w curves) are similar to the general trend of the density-moisture content curve(γd-w curve). At the wet side of optimal moisture content (OMC), either Vp or Vs does not significantly increase, which is well reflecting the no gaining in density with the increasing compaction energy exceeding modified-D compaction effort. Vp increases linearly with γd at the dry side of OMC, while it does exponentially at the wet side. The in-situ wave velocities were found to be influenced by the level of confinement and Vs was more sensitive to compaction energy than Vp.

An Experimental Investigation of the Variations of the Elastic Wave Velocities with Compaction Energy for Railway Roadbed Materials